Pattern of relation

Comment

Examples

Infectious diseases causing psychiatric symptoms

Psychiatric symptoms can be the initial presenting symptoms, or could be part of the clinical picture of the infectious disease.

• Viral encephalitis.

• Psychosis or mood symptoms in brucellosis or toxoplasmosis.

Infectious diseases with possible etiological role for major psychiatric disorders

Unconfirmed reports for infectious diseases having possible etiological role for schizophrenia.

• Influenza virus.

• HSV.

The primary psychiatric disorders can increase the risk of contracting infection

High risk behaviors may lead to increased risk of infection.

• Acute and severe psychiatric symptoms (e.g. Mania).

• Chronic psychiatric symptoms (e.g. schizophrenia)

Psychiatric symptoms reactive to chronic and serious infections

Chronic, complicated and serious infections can lead to depression, anxiety or adjustment reactions.

• HIV.

Others/coincidental

Infectious diseases can occur in psychiatric patients regardless of the above mentioned factors.