Pattern of relation | Comment | Examples |
Infectious diseases causing psychiatric symptoms | Psychiatric symptoms can be the initial presenting symptoms, or could be part of the clinical picture of the infectious disease. | • Viral encephalitis. • Psychosis or mood symptoms in brucellosis or toxoplasmosis. |
Infectious diseases with possible etiological role for major psychiatric disorders | Unconfirmed reports for infectious diseases having possible etiological role for schizophrenia. | • Influenza virus. • HSV. |
The primary psychiatric disorders can increase the risk of contracting infection | High risk behaviors may lead to increased risk of infection. | • Acute and severe psychiatric symptoms (e.g. Mania). • Chronic psychiatric symptoms (e.g. schizophrenia) |
Psychiatric symptoms reactive to chronic and serious infections | Chronic, complicated and serious infections can lead to depression, anxiety or adjustment reactions. | • HIV. |
Others/coincidental | Infectious diseases can occur in psychiatric patients regardless of the above mentioned factors. |